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Calc Manual

GNU Emacs Calc Version 2.02

January 1992

Dave Gillespie daveg@synaptics.com

Copyright (C) 1990, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the section entitled "GNU General Public License" is included exactly as in the original, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that the section entitled "GNU General Public License" may be included in a translation approved by the author instead of in the original English.

• Copying: How you can copy and share Calc.
• Getting Started: General description and overview.
• Tutorial: A step-by-step introduction for beginners.
• Introduction: Introduction to the Calc reference manual.
• Data Types: Types of objects manipulated by Calc.
• Stack and Trail: Manipulating the stack and trail buffers.
• Mode Settings: Adjusting display format and other modes.
• Arithmetic: Basic arithmetic functions.
• Scientific Functions: Transcendentals and other scientific functions.
• Matrix Functions: Operations on vectors and matrices.
• Algebra: Manipulating expressions algebraically.
• Units: Operations on numbers with units.
• Store and Recall: Storing and recalling variables.
• Graphics: Commands for making graphs of data.
• Kill and Yank: Moving data into and out of Calc.
• Embedded Mode: Working with formulas embedded in a file.
• Programming: Calc as a programmable calculator.
• Installation: Installing Calc as a part of GNU Emacs.
• Reporting Bugs: How to report bugs and make suggestions.
• Summary: Summary of Calc commands and functions.
• Key Index: The standard Calc key sequences.
• Command Index: The interactive Calc commands.
• Function Index: Functions (in algebraic formulas).
• Concept Index: General concepts.
• Variable Index: Variables used by Calc (both user and internal).
• Lisp Function Index: Internal Lisp math functions.

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

Version 1, February 1989

Copyright (C) 1989 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

Preamble

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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Specifically, the General Public License is designed to make sure that you have the freedom to give away or sell copies of free software, that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

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For example, if you distribute copies of a such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must tell them their rights.

We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.

Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.

The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

1. This License Agreement applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications. Each licensee is addressed as "you".
2. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this General Public License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this General Public License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy.
3. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, and copy and distribute such modifications under the terms of Paragraph 1 above, provided that you also do the following:
   • cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change; and
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   • If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the simplest and most usual way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this General Public License.
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5. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program except as expressly provided under this General Public License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, distribute or transfer the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights to use the Program under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights to use copies, from you under this General Public License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
6. By copying, distributing or modifying the Program (or any work based on the Program) you indicate your acceptance of this license to do so, and all its terms and conditions.
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