NOTES
fgrep 1 "28 Mar 1995"
fgrep - search a file for a character string
/usr/bin/fgrep
[
-bchilnsvx
] [
-e pattern_list
]
[
-f file
] [
pattern
] [
file ...
]
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep
[
-bchilnsvx
] [
-e pattern_list
]
[
-f file
] [
pattern
] [
file ...
]
SUNWcsu
SUNWxcu4
\f3fgrep
(fast
\f3grep)
searches files for a character string and prints all lines that
contain that string.
\f3fgrep
is different from
grep(1)
and
egrep(1)
because it searches for a string, instead of searching for a
pattern that matches an expression.
It uses a fast and compact algorithm.
The characters
\f3$\f1,
\f3*\f1,
\f3[\f1,
\f3^\f1,
\(bv,
\f3(\f1,
\f3)\f1,
and
\f3\f1
are interpreted literally by
\f3fgrep,
that is,
\f3fgrep
does not recognize full regular expressions as does
\f3egrep.
Since these characters have special meaning to the shell,
it is safest to enclose the entire
string
in single quotes
\f3\(fm\f1...\f3\(fm\f1.
If no files are specified,
\f3fgrep
assumes standard input.
Normally, each line found is copied to the standard output.
The file name is printed before each line found if there is more than one
input file.
The following options are supported:
-
-b
-
Precede each line by the block number on which it was found.
This can be useful in locating block numbers by context (first block is 0).
-
-c
-
Print only a count of the lines that contain the pattern.
-
-e pattern_list
-
Search for a
special string
(string
begins with a
\f3-\f1).
-
-f files
-
Take the list of
patterns from
file.
-
-h
-
Suppress printing of files when searching multiple files.
-
-i
-
Ignore upper/lower case distinction during comparisons.
-
-l
-
Print the names of files with matching lines once,
separated by new-lines.
Does not repeat the names of files when the pattern is found
more than once.
-
-n
-
Precede each line by its line number in the file (first line is 1).
-
-s
-
Work silently, that is, display nothing except error messages.
This is useful for checking the error status.
-
-v
-
Print all lines except those that contain the pattern.
-
-x
-
Print only lines matched entirely.
The following operands are supported:
-
file
-
A path name of a file to be searched for the patterns.
If no
file
operands are specified,
the standard input will be used.
-
pattern
-
Specify a pattern to be used during the
search for input.
-
pattern
-
Specify one or more patterns to be used during the
search for input.
This operand is treated as if it were specified as
-e pattern_list\f1.
See
environ(5)
for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the
execution of
fgrep:
LC_COLLATE\f1,
LC_CTYPE\f1,
LC_MESSAGES\f1,
and
NLSPATH\f1.
The following exit values are returned:
-
0
-
if any matches are found
-
1
-
if no matches are found
-
2
-
for syntax errors or inaccessible files
(even if matches were found).
ed(1),
egrep(1),
grep(1),
sed(1),
sh(1),
environ(5)
Ideally there should be only one
\f3grep
command, but there is not a single algorithm that spans a wide enough
range of space-time tradeoffs. Lines are limited to
characters;
longer lines are truncated.
is defined in
<stdio.h>.
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep
is identical to
/usr/xpg4/bin/grep
(see
grep(1)).
Portable applications should use
/usr/xpg4/bin/grep -F.